The Romanian Chess Championship became a yearly even in 1946, and was held irregularly earlier. A series of national eliminating contests are played to select a 20-player field for the men's final. The women's final consists of 16 players.
| Year | City | Winner |
|---|---|---|
| 1936 | Bucharest | Rodica Manolescu (née Luţia) |
| 1949 | Bucharest | Lidia Habermann-Giuroiu |
| 1950 | Braşov | Iolanda Szathmary |
| 1951 | Braşov | Maria Albuleţ |
| 1952 | Sibiu | Elena Grabovieţchi |
| 1953 | Satu Mare | Lidia Giuroiu |
| 1954 | Bucharest | Lidia Giuroiu |
| 1955 | Oradea | Maria Albuleţ |
| 1956 | Cluj | Maria Albuleţ |
| 1957 | Ploieşti | Rodica Manolescu |
| 1958 | Bucharest | Lidia Giuroiu |
| 1959 | Bucharest | Margareta Teodorescu |
| 1960 | Timişoara | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1961 | Bucharest | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1962 | Braşov | Margareta Perevoznic |
| 1963 | Ploieşti | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1964 | Oradea | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1965 | Herculane | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1966 | Constanţa | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1967 | Arad | Gertrude Baumstark |
| 1968 | Oradea | Margareta Teodorescu |
| 1969 | Piatra Neamţ | Margareta Teodorescu |
| 1970 | Ploieşti | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1971 | Braşov | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1972 | Cluj | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1973 | Braşov | Alexandra Nicolau |
| 1974 | Timişoara | Margareta Teodorescu |
| 1975 | Alexandria | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1976 | Piatra Neamţ | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1977 | Sinaia | Elisabeta Polihroniade |
| 1978 | Mediaş | Daniela Nuţu |
| 1979 | Satu Mare | Daniela Nuţu |
| 1980 | Eforie | Daniela Nuţu |
| 1981 | Herculane | Gertrude Baumstark |
| 1982 | Mediaş | Eugenia Ghindǎ |
| 1983 | Herculane | Margareta Mureşan |
| 1984 | Marina Pogorevici | |
| 1985 | Herculane | Margareta Mureşan |
| 1986 | Ligia Jicman | |
| 1987 | Margareta Mureşan | |
| 1988 | Gabriela Olǎraşu | |
| 1989 | Gabriela Olǎraşu Cristina Adela Foisor |
|
| 1990 | Mariana Ioniţa | |
| 1991 | Elena Luminita Radu-Cosma | |
| 1992 | Elena Luminita Radu-Cosma | |
| 1993 | Gabriela Olǎraşu | |
| 1994 | Corina Peptan | |
| 1995 | Corina Peptan | |
| 1996 | Gabriela Olǎraşu | |
| 1997 | Corina Peptan | |
| 1998 | Cristina Adela Foisor Ligia Jicman |
|
| 1999 | Gabriela Olǎraşu | |
| 2000 | Corina Peptan | |
| 2001 | Iulia Ionicǎ | |
| 2002 | Irina Ionescu Brandis | |
| 2003 | Gabriela Olǎraşu | |
| 2004 | Corina Peptan | |
| 2005 | Angela Dragomirescu | |
| 2006 | Ioana-Smaranda Pădurariu | |
| 2007 | Corina Peptan | |
| 2008 | Napoca | Corina Peptan |
| 2009 | Eforie Nord | Corina Peptan |
| 2010 | Baile Olanesti | Elena-Luminita Cosma |
| 2011 | Sarata Monteoru | Cristina Adela Foisor |